The authors have been examining the growth of Psychology education in Brazil for more than two decades. The period has witnessed accelerated expansion of graduate and postgraduate courses, and consequently a steep growth in numbers of degree-holding professionals and students of psychology. That has led Brazil to become the country with the most psychologists in the world, both in absolute and per capita figures by the 2020s. We are more than 500,000 as of august 2025, but is that an adequate quantity? Although considered as a middle-income country, Brazil still faces alarming social and economic vulnerabilities as well as high levels of inequality. Those have posed complex challenges to health policy and health education. Psychology´s sheer numbers do not seem to have been enough to overcome such challenges, as seen in mental health indices. We here discuss a number of conditions that have led to that situation, as well as its consequences, both actual and expected. For instance, to what point the largest national body of professionals have been able to respond and contribute to the serious demands of mental health prevention and promotion. Moreover, we ponder the sustainability of the continuing expansion of Brazil´s psychology education for the future. The effectiveness of national policies in balancing general foundational knowledge and professional competences in psychology education warrant evaluation. We argue for a systematic reflection on the interplay between quantity and quality, generality and specialization. That seems like a priority for Brazilian psychology to better serve the country´s sustainable development goals. Furthermore, such an analysis of the Brazilian case may inform other nations and their institutions toward decisions and policies on psychology education and its role in professional expansion.