The connection between music and human emotions, culture, and healing practices has been recognized since ancient times. The application of music in therapy has made significant strides, driven by the development of disciplines such as counseling psychology and neuroscience. This study explores recent advancements in music therapy, analyzing healing mechanisms and practical innovations from multiple perspectives. From a neurobiological standpoint, the rhythmic, melodic, and harmonic elements of music can activate neural circuits associated with emotion, memory, and motivation. This provides a scientific basis for interventions targeting anxiety, depression, trauma recovery, and cognitive impairments. Moreover, music demonstrates unique value in emotional regulation, effectively helping individuals process negative emotions and enhance emotional stability. With ongoing advancements in science and technology, new measurement tools have been developed to quantify individuals' enjoyment, engagement, and therapeutic responses to music. These innovations have improved the scientific soundness and effectiveness of music-based interventions in educational, clinical, and community settings. Meanwhile, the study also ponits out the current challenge: the need to strike a balance between the structural validity of measurement frameworks, cultural inclusivity, and diversity of musical forms. Achieving this balance ensures that music therapy not only maintains empirical foundation but also meets the humanistic needs of diverse populations. As the field continues to develop, music therapy must further integrate interdisciplinary research findings and refine its intervention models to fully utilize its healing potential in promoting mental and emotional well-being and supporting effective emotional regulation.