Previous research has examined the influence of perceived intragenerational upward mobility on fertility intentions among working childless women; however, the findings have been inconsistent. Most studies have treated perceived intragenerational upward mobility as a single, undifferentiated construct and have overlooked the potentially distinct effects of income-based versus occupation-based mobility perceptions. To address this gap, we conducted two experimental studies (N = 641). Study 1 examined the effect of occupation-based versus income-based perceived intragenerational upward mobility on women's fertility intentions. Study 2 further investigated the mediating role of fertility efficacy and included a comparison group of men to contextualize the findings for women. Results consistently showed that occupation-based (vs. income-based) perceived intragenerational upward mobility significantly reduced fertility intentions among working childless women. This effect was mediated by reduced fertility efficacy. Moreover, the effect was more pronounced among working childless women than among working childless men. These findings advance theoretical understanding of how distinct forms of perceived intragenerational upward mobility shape fertility decision-making among working childless women and offer practical implications for the design of targeted fertility-support policies.