Safety performance is one of the strongest predictors of occupational accidents and injuries and constitutes a central mechanism through which organizations achieve safe operations. After the influential synthesis by Christian et al. (2009), numerous additional variables have been investigated in relation to safety performance. Simultaneously, the conceptualization of safety performance has expanded beyond safety compliance and safety participation to encompass additional behavioral dimensions. These developments present the needs of a timely opportunity to integrate past and recent research. This study will conduct a meta-analysis of empirical studies examining variables associated with safety performance. Studies published between 2000 and 2025 will be retrieved from Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO and screened according to PRISMA guidelines. The identified variables will be categorized according to their relationship with safety performance, and overall effect sizes will be estimated through random-effects meta-analysis. Given the methodological variability across studies, including differences in occupational contexts, measurement approaches, and study designs, a random-effects model will be applied to provide more generalizable estimates of the relationships between safety performance and associated variables. This study will contribute to the theoretical understanding of safety performance by providing an updated synthesis of its nomological network and clarifying the relative strength of relationships between safety performance and associated variables. From a practical perspective, the findings may help organizations identify the factors most strongly linked to safety performance and support the development of evidence-based safety interventions and management practices.