Anxiety, depression, and bipolar disorder can significantly impair driving ability. However, the specific impact of these conditions on traffic accidents—as well as their prevalence among drivers—is not always well documented or thoroughly studied in the scientific literature. This study aims to identify the relationship between these disorders and driving by examining the impact of depressive disorders on driver performance. It was undertaken a systematic search of literature databases and scientific registries, following the PRISMA guidelines. This search was conducted in March 2025 using the following electronic databases: CINAHL, MEDLINE, ProQuest, PsycINFO, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science. Key terms were adjusted to each database's specific search format. For each database, search filters were applied to return only peer-reviewed reviews published in scientific journals, written in English, and published between 2015 and 2025. The terms used included: TITLE ("anxiety disorder*" OR "generalized anxiety disorder*" OR "generalised anxiety disorder*" OR "bipolar disorder*" OR "mood disorder*" OR depress* OR "depressive disorder" OR "depressive syndrome*" OR "bipolar and related disorder*" OR anxiet*) AND TITLE-ABS-KEY ("automobile driving" OR "driving ability" OR "fitness to driv*" OR "driv* competence*" OR "driv* perform*" OR "driv* skill*" OR "driv* impairment*" OR "driv* decline*" OR "offend* driv*" OR "novice driver*" OR "learn* driv*" OR "profess* driver*" OR "unfit to driv*" OR "traffic safety" OR "highway safety"). A total of 288 articles were retrieved across platforms: WoS (n = 43), Scopus (n = 77), PubMed (n = 58), PsycINFO (n = 21), ProQuest (n = 52), and Medline/CINAHL (n = 37). After removing duplicates, 141 articles remained. Based on titles and abstracts, 51 were excluded. After full-text review, 25 relevant articles were selected. An additional five pertinent articles not identified in the initial search were added from the systematic reviews. It is also planned to assess the quality of the articles found. Finally, we will present the study's overall conclusions and general recommendations.