The Surabaya-Lamongan Groundwater Basin (SLGB) is one of the important water resources that support raw water needs for urban and agricultural areas in East Java. Based on the analysis of 1091 groundwater samples in the basin, it was found that the concentrations of manganese (Mn), phosphate (PO₄³-), and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) exceeded the threshold set for drinking water. This finding indicates the presence of pollution that could potentially jeopardize groundwater quality in the area. Land use analysis between 2000 and 2021 shows a fourfold increase in land use change from forest to agricultural areas. The expansion of agricultural activities, including the use of chemical fertilizers and intensive irrigation practices, is thought to be one of the main factors for the increased pollution load on groundwater. This research confirms the need for more sustainable land use management and regulation of groundwater utilization to preserve the Surabaya-Lamongan groundwater basin as a strategic resource. One-way Anova analysis based on land cover classification showed different levels of compounds, and is discussed in this study. Education with a psychological approach to groundwater conservation and environmentally friendly agriculture can be a planned program to overcome the threat of damage to groundwater resources. This is a psychological and practical mitigation effort that can be done for the people living around the study area.