Background: Globalization accelerated cross-cultural exchange, exposing young people to new ideas, lifestyles, and belief systems. While this process has created opportunities for modernization and social progress, it has also intensified tensions between traditional values and global perspectives (Rao et al., 2013). The goal of this study was to better understand how individuals negotiate traditional and modern identities in the context of globalization.
Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted in-person with 60 young adults from India (equal gender representation, ages 20-30) representing diverse regions. Each interview included questions about the perceived positive and negative effects of globalization, its influence on everyday life and parenting practices, and the coexistence of old and new values within one's personal identity. Responses were thematically coded using NVivo software.
Results: Globalization was seen as a catalyst for eliminating oppressive practices and embracing self-respect, independence, and exploration. However, many reported experiencing an inferiority complex and growing pressure to embrace modern lifestyles. Participants noted the clash between traditional and modern values and expectations, which produced identity conflict. Some participants reported maintaining two identities (one for parents and one for friends) to avoid open confrontation. This compartmentalization of identity often led to shame, guilt, anxiety, and emotional strain. At the same time, many expressed a growth mindset in response to globalization pressures, viewing the clash between old and new values as an opportunity for personal development, consciously selecting humanistic values while discarding the limiting ones.
Conclusions: The study revealed that globalization is experienced as both liberating and destabilizing. It facilitates empowerment by providing tools for critical reflection, fostering mental health literacy, and encouraging gender equality. At the same time, it generates psychosocial tension, identity fragmentation, and pressure to abandon cultural traditions. Mental health practitioners should recognize the identity conflicts created by globalization and support clients in exploring ambivalence without judgment.