Introduction: Repetitive negative thinking (RNT), characterized by persistent and intrusive thought patterns, is recognized as a transdiagnostic cognitive process contributing to a wide range of psychological disorders. On the other hand, self-compassion - encompassing self-kindness, a sense of common humanity, and mindfulness - has been associated with improved emotional resilience and reduced psychological distress. Drawing on the transdiagnostic perspective and contemporary therapeutic approaches that emphasize how individuals relate to their thoughts rather than the content itself, this study investigated how self-compassion might buffer the negative effects of RNT.
Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the moderating role of self-compassion in the relationship between RNT and general psychological symptoms in a non-clinical adult sample.
Method: A large sample of 776 non-clinical individuals (M_age=28.27, SD=6.55) participated in the study. Participants completed the Repetitive Thinking Questionnaire-10, the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form, and the Brief Symptom Measure-25.
Results: Findings revealed that higher levels of RNT were significantly associated with elevated psychological symptoms, confirming its detrimental impact on mental health. Moreover, moderation analysis revealed a significant interaction effect, indicating that self-compassion moderated the relationship between RNT and general symptoms. Specifically, higher levels of self-compassion weakened the association between RNT and symptoms.
Conclusion: These results reveal that self-compassion can serve as a protective factor, weakening the intensity and impact of RNT on overall psychological well-being. These findings suggest that enhancing self-compassion could be a valuable component of interventions aimed at addressing the pervasive and transdiagnostic nature of RNT.