Abstract:


Introduction: Uganda's prison system faces a significant mental health crisis. A study conducted in Mbarara municipality revealed that 86% of inmates met criteria for a psychiatric disorder, with 44% diagnosed with major depression, 31% with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and 25% experiencing suicidality (Kinyanda et al., 2018). Despite this high prevalence, access to mental health care in correctional facilities not only in Uganda but across Africa remains limited. Even more dire, (WHO, 2022) indicates that prisons, are often characterized by overcrowding, trauma, and stigma, urgently require models that prioritize mental well-being and human dignity.


Purpose: This paper explores how transdisciplinary approaches can improve mental health out-comes in Uganda's prisons. The envisioned "Safe Spaces framework" emphasizes the integration of evidence-based peer group support, mental health awareness campaigns, and strengthened re-ferral linkages into prison systems to build resilience and social connectedness among inmates.


Method: The study is based on a comprehensive desk review and evidence-based observational analysis conducted under the "SAFE SPACES" emerging transdisciplinary framework aiming to promote emotional safety and psychosocial support among incarcerated populations. The review synthesized data from peer-reviewed literature, institutional reports, and practitioner observa-tions to examine how trauma-informed peer support programs and strengthened mental health referral linkages contribute to inmate well-being.


Results: Findings suggest that peer support programs and structured awareness initiatives en-hance inmates' self-efficacy, reduce behavioral incidents, and encourage voluntary engagement with mental health services. Strengthened referral linkages between prison health units and ex-ternal mental health facilities improved case identification and follow-up continuity.


Conclusion: Trauma-informed, peer-driven, and evidence-based approaches can transform pris-ons into psychologically safer environments. The model developed presents a scalable framework for African correctional systems, aligning with SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being) and SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions).


Keywords: prison, mental health; trauma-informed care; peer support; referral linkages; africa.