To excel in research in globalizing world, it is crucial for a research group to recruit and collaborate with talents from diverse background. Diversity is being strongly encouraged in many areas. Diversity, however, sometimes leads to less efficient operation of the group. Efficient operation requires that the members of the group share the notion of what is good and what is bad for the group, that is, morality. Therefore, we need to find a way to reconcile diversity and morality.
The current popular moral thoughts can be roughly divided into 2 categories: the society-based thinking and the individual-based thinking. The first asserts that there is an ideal society, where ideal morality is determined. The second asserts that each individual determines morality. The first does not guarantee diversity of the group; the second does not guarantee morality of the group. Thus, neither of the current moral thoughts provides an efficient framework for promoting innovation.
To address this conundrum, we analyzed the current moral thoughts to find that each of them is composed of the part common to all groups and that specific to each group. The more diverse the group is, the fewer group-specific rules it has. The less diverse the group, the more group-specific rules. The number and the extent of group-specific rules vary depending on the mission of the group. Since innovation requires diversity, the role of the leader of the group is to control and optimize the balance between diversity and morality, so that innovation is promoted while minimum morality for the group is secured.