In contemporary society, where digital technologies permeate nearly every aspect of daily life, the phenomenon of media multitasking has become increasingly prevalent. The most common definition of digital multitasking refers to the simultaneous performance of two tasks, one involving media use and the other non-media activity (Wang et al., 2012). A review of the literature reveals two broad categories of definitions. The first defines multitasking as the concurrent execution of two tasks (Hembrooke et al., 2003), while the second conceptualizes it as the rapid alternation between different tasks (Fox et al., 2009). This behavior involves engaging with multiple media sources either simultaneously or sequentially. Such activity is characterized by the rapid shifting of attention across multiple streams of information, often resulting in divided attention and potential consequences for cognitive performance and information retention (Ophir et al., 2009; Wang et al., 2012; Jeong et al., 2012). Digital activities offer diverse informational, entertainment, and social rewards that can foster habitual engagement, which in turn dominates and reshapes attentional functioning to accommodate the unique demands of the digital environment (Harley, 2022). Consequently, multitasking behaviors present greater opportunities for reinforcement than single-task engagement, suggesting that digital multitasking may be regarded as "the new normal" (Courage et al., 2015). Individuals today appear to be constantly online while simultaneously engaging in other cognitively demanding activities. This pervasive behavior has drawn the attention of researchers across disciplines, leading to increased interest in exploring the effects of digital multitasking on cognitive functioning, attentional control, and overall performance. However, the literature remains divided, as empirical findings are inconsistent regarding whether digital multitasking exerts negative or potentially adaptive effects on cognitive processes.