Climate change is the main cause of glacier retreat and is triggering a series of extreme weather events that are affecting the well-being of populations around the world, especially the most vulnerable. Therefore, studies to understand adaptation behaviors in these scenarios are relevant. The objective of this study was to predict the willingness to adapt in climate change scenarios, based on predictive factors such as experience with extreme events (avalanches, droughts and floods), fear of extreme events and risk perception of climate change. The survey method and computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) technique were used. The sample consisted of 11 communities living near glaciers in the Andean region of Peru, N=2024 participated in the study. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to identify predictors of willingness to adapt in situations of extreme events. The results showed that age, educational level, experience with droughts, experience with floods, fear of droughts, fear of floods, and perception of climate change risk were identified as significant predictors. Experience with droughts, fear of floods, and perception of risk had a greater effect on willingness to adapt than sociodemographic factors. Fear of drought provides additional explanatory power beyond experience, demonstrating that affective responses, particularly towards extreme weather events, play an important role in motivating adaptation. Overall, the model explained 18% of the variance. The implications for communication plans and climate change adaptation policies are discussed.