The current study investigates how different dimensions of perceived legitimacy of traffic rules relate to human factors in driving, namely driver behaviors and driver skills. A total of 247 licensed drivers participated in the study. Participants completed self-report measures of perceived legitimacy, the driver behavior questionnaire, and the driver skills inventory. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted while controlling for age, years of license ownership, and lifetime mileage. The findings revealed that perceived efficiency of traffic rules was negatively associated with driver violations, indicating that drivers who perceive rules as balanced and proportionate are less likely to engage in risky behavior. Furthermore, efficiency was negatively related to aggressive violations, whereas moral alignment was positively related, suggesting that while perceived proportionality discourages hostility, alignment between personal values and rules may at times justify aggressive responses. In addition, both effectiveness and moral alignment were positively associated with positive driving behaviors, highlighting the role of safety-oriented and value-based perceptions in fostering prosocial conduct on the road. Finally, both efficiency and moral alignment were positively related to drivers' safety skills, indicating that drivers who view rules as fair and value-congruent are more likely to develop and apply safe driving techniques. These results highlight the practical significance of drivers' perceptions of traffic rules in influencing not only immediate compliance but also long-term skill development. Interventions aimed at road safety should move beyond punishment-based strategies and focus on building trust in the legitimacy of traffic rules by improving their perceived proportionality, effectiveness, and alignment with public values. Such efforts may foster voluntary compliance, prosocial driving behaviors, and the development of lasting safety skills, ultimately reducing risky behaviors and improving overall traffic safety.