Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a chronic health condition that extends beyond its physiological manifestations to encompass profound psychosocial challenges that substantially affect women's quality of life. Among these, disturbances in body image and self-perceptions play a central role, often leading to increased distress and diminished quality of life. The present study investigated the role of psychological factors, specifically self-compassion, in relation to body image flexibility, body shame, and quality of life related to PCOS symptoms. The study involved 286 women (M = 25.51, SD = 5.15) diagnosed with PCOS. Participants completed validated self-report measures, the Self-Compassion Scale, the Body Image Flexibility Questionnaire, the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale (body shame subscale), and the PCOSQ-50 Scale. Using Hayes' PROCESS macro (Model 6), a serial mediation analysis was conducted to test whether body image flexibility and body shame sequentially mediated the relationship between self-compassion and PCOS-related quality of life. Results indicated that self-compassion was significantly associated with more adaptive ways of relating to the body, fostering greater flexibility in body image experiences, and reducing the tendency toward body shame. In turn, these body-related processes emerged as significant contributors to enhanced quality of life among women with PCOS. The results highlight the role of body shame as a risk factor that undermines well-being. In contrast, self-compassion and body image flexibility emerged as important protective factors that promote psychological resilience. From a psychosocial perspective, these findings highlight the importance of incorporating self-compassion into interventions for women with PCOS. By cultivating a kinder, less judgmental stance toward oneself, women may better mitigate body-related distress. Additionally, strengthening body image flexibility may help individuals adaptively respond to body-related distress and resist internalizing negative evaluations. Such approaches hold promise for enhancing both psychological resilience and overall quality of life in women with PCOS.