Ever since Thomas Aquinas two kinds of Infinity can be differentiated: „in-finitum" as a
negatively defined and material infinity in comparison to „aeternitas" as the categorically higher
true infinity which is exemplified only by god.
This differentiation is often used to explain disparities between the immanent perspective of
human beings and the transcendent perspective of god. This concept allowed many
philosophers and scientists to work with the concepts of infinity in regards to the universe and
aside from god. Chief among them is Giordano Bruno, who could develop his theory of an
infinite universe as a mirror of god's infinity.
However, besides those two conceptions other philosophers have to spearhead new conceptions
of infinity to fit their Systems. On one hand Descartes' concept of an unknowably big universe
for example skirts the line between the conceptions of a finite and infinite universe. On the
other hand, thinkers like Kopernikus, Keppler and Galileo conceptualize the universe as infinite
without regard to how this reflects on the infinity of god.
This presentation should present a select group of philosophers of the early modern period and
showcase their work with infinity in respect to the conception of the universe. In this manner
the nuanced relationship between the terms universe, infinity, perspective and god.
The main Philosophers that will be discussed are Thomas Aquinas, Giordano Bruno, Galileo
Galilei and René Descartes covering mainly the arguments in respectively Civitas Dei, De
L'infinito, the Dialogo as well as the Principia and Le Monde. Of course, a point of the
presentation is to highlight the discussion of shifting discourses besides the main discussion of
the specific philosophical arguments concerning infinity god and the universe