International organizations such as the UN or the OSCE as well as governments in Europe have recently discovered the contribution of interreligious dialogue to tolerance, social cohesion and peace. In fact, these social concerns are central to the theological self-understanding of Judaism, Christianity and Islam, which are the focus of this lecture. Nevertheless, empirical studies demonstrate that the associated attitudes are not only absent among a significant proportion of believers, but that prejudices, nationalism and a limited universal ethical horizon are part of their set of values. Moreover, the understanding, expectations and interests with regard to interreligious dialogue often diverge - both in religious and political self-understanding as well as in practice. The lecture offers insights into this heterogeneous field and develops criteria and perspectives from an interdisciplinary perspective on how interreligious dialog can better unfold its potential. Thus, the possibilities, and the limits of interreligious dialogue will be explored.