After the Iranian Revolution of 1979 and the attacks of September 9, 2001, and after the perception of Islam changed. Islam was perceived as a threat to Western interest, civilization, religions. This development may be considered as the outcome of a conflictual history of Europe/Christianity and Islam since the emergence of Muslim communities. This contribution claims there is a qualitative difference in the Western perception of Islam after 1979 when Western polities defined what is to be considered Islamic without understanding this complex phenomenon, historically and contemporary. Religion turns out to be non-religion.