During the long pontificate of Pius XII, there was little room for dialogue between Jews and Christians, due to the increasingly permanent advance of Catholic anti-Judaism, as well as racist anti-Semitism. The weight of the words, expressions, and public positions, not only of the pontiff, but also of the Catholic press, is a fact to be taken into account in understanding how the dynamics of Jewish-Christian relations evolved immediately after the war. If, on the one hand, a public position was chosen at the beginning of the war that was not (in fact) one of explicit condemnation of the Nazi extermination, what happened next? In the aftermath of the conflict, Pius XII seems to have maintained a reserve with respect to the drama of the extermination, consequently few steps were taken to recover or mark a change within the dynamics of these relations. During the long pontificate of Pius XII, there was little room for dialogue between Jews and Christians, due to the increasingly permanent advance of Catholic anti-Judaism, as well as racist anti-Semitism. The weight of the words, expressions, and public positions, not only of the pontiff, but also of the Catholic press, is a fact to be taken into account in understanding how the dynamics of Jewish-Christian relations evolved immediately after the war. If, on the one hand, a public position was chosen at the beginning of the war that was not (in fact) one of explicit condemnation of the Nazi extermination, what happened next? In the aftermath of the conflict, Pius XII seems to have maintained a reserve with respect to the drama of the extermination, consequently few steps were taken to recover or mark a change within the dynamics of these relations. My paper aims to show, on the basis of an analysis of the sources and the pontiff's speeches, the characteristics with which, in his public magisterium, the pontiff expressed himself immediately after the conflict on the Shoah.