In this article the issue of coexistence and its fundamental values are studied in relation to some aspects of philosophy and religion. Within the scope of the research, it will be discussed with basic scientific sources that what kind of problems there are on the basis of values related to social integration today and what are the main factors of these problems, on which basic values the principles that will ensure social integration can be built, and the place and importance of philosophical and theological contemplation on this axis. The study pay attention to the positive aspects of multiculturalism and diversity and debates on the negatives of othering. So, ways of solution to the problems have been debated on the basis of historical experiences, religious texts and philosophers` thoughts. In this sense, the method followed in the study will be to analyze the views of philosophers on the values that integrate society on a teleological basis and to evaluate the resulting data in an analytical and synthetic way in the light of historical experiences. The main goal of the study is to analyses the common conceptions of the philosophical and religious approach in the context of coexistence and to compare them. So firstly, it will be debated on Islamic philosophers` approaches and then the Western philosophers` thoughts related to coexistence and its field of values. The main thesis of the article is that coexistence in societies can`t be achieved in a healthy way unless international conventions and international institutions and organizations established on this axis are supported by religious, philosophical, moral and cultural infrastructure in order to create individuals and societies that can live together in accordance with human rights and morality. In the research, it is envisaged to revise the heritage of the West and especially the Islamic world, which will include its historical experiences, cultural values and civilization.