At the latest since October 7, 2023, the Hamas attack on Israel and the ongoing war in the Middle East since then, the situation in Germany has also changed dramatically. Anti-Semitism and anti-Semitic violence have increased and are becoming more prominent in our consciousness. Anti-Semitic incidents and religion-related conflicts have also become more prevalent in schools. Anti-Muslim attitudes are becoming socially acceptable again, not least due to the refugee debate, which is currently shaping European politics as a whole. The myth of the clash of civilizations has long been present in the media. This lecture will address the ambiguity of the concept of culture in the context of interreligious education in schools, taking into account the current political situation. Reflecting on current processes will illustrate how relevant intercultural and interreligious understanding are and how closely religious and political education are connected. As a first step, the concept of culture will be examined. Using various headlines relating to culture, the underlying concept of culture will be reconstructed and deconstructed in a second step. Consequences for educational processes in schools are already considered at this point. In a third step, a distinction will then be made between intercultural and interreligious educational processes in order to discuss in a fourth step what contribution interreligious education can make in religious education. Finally, a brief conclusion will be drawn.