In our paper, we will present results from an ongoing research project in which we are analysing sermons of various mosques in Austria and Germany. Our reconstructive approach based on objective hermeneutics has so far revealed two main types of sermons. The first type conveys religious messages and shows ways to religious salvation and ethical life conduct, often linking this-worldly and other-worldly salvation. The second type focuses on socio-political issues, such as coexistence and relations between Muslims and non-Muslims, violence in the name of Islam or antimuslim prejudice. Within this type, a distinction can be made between a pole of inward criticism, i.e. of the Muslim community and a disintegrative understanding of Islam, and a pole of criticism of Western societies as disintegrative. On the basis of the data, we want to show that a very precise distinction must be made in order to identify the overlaps between socio-political positioning and political Islam.