Although research on religion, health and well-being has flourished in the last 10 years, it has received very little attention in theological circles, and the general impression is that such research and its interesting results may not be of interest to theologians concerned with the proper hermeneutics of Christian revealed texts. Two questions could motivate a greater engagement between the two fields. The first relates to the question above: what can theology learn from this body of research and its indications regarding the positive effects of religion? The second goes in the opposite direction: to what extent can theology contribute to refining and better understanding or applying such research? For example, greater theological involvement could help to answer several open questions in this research, such as those concerning the different types of religion and their effects; or how to better understand and avoid misconceptions about the healing effects of religion; and how to avoid a complete instrumentalisation of religion as a result of this encouraging data.