Anarchist ideas sit awkwardly within the tradition of Christian political thought. Though roundly dismissed by Christian "realists" as "infantile idealists" at odds with the "world [in] which we are living" (Niebuhr), Christian anarchists nevertheless represent a consistent (if minority) theological trajectory emphasizing the eschatological hope for a community freed from all worldly structures of domination and hierarchy. While anarchist ideals have found historical expression in a number of specific Christian movements (e.g. Anabaptists and early Franciscans), and have lately been revived by Orthodox theologians seeking disentanglement from sectarian power structures (e.g. Pantelis Kalaitzidis and Alexandre Christoyannopoulos), they have yet to receive a serious hearing within contemporary Roman Catholic theological circles. However, as the prospect of centralized ecclesial authority in the Catholic Church comes under increasing strain from a number of overlapping factors - including global demographic changes, doctrinal polarization, and the lingering damage to credibility brought about by the clergy sex-abuse crisis - an opportunity presents itself to reevaluate the claims of Christian anarchism. This paper will look to recent magisterial teaching (in particular Pope Francis' 2020 encyclical Fratelli Tutti) for possible resources for a contemporary Christian anarchism, and will consider what prospects this position has for a global Church in the third millennium.