The traditional doctrine of original sin is in crisis caused by many factors such as: the development of science, especially the theory of evolution, the influence of personalistic philosophy and the development of biblical and theological science. In spite of these difficulties, theologians are trying to create a new synthesis of the doctrine of original sin based on scientific data or to develop a traditional vision while avoiding the problems associated with it. In this paper I would like to present a systematic review of the bibliography on original sin from the last thirty years and show how theologians today approach the doctrine of original sin and in what way they try to explain it.