This paper explores science-engaged theology through the lens of musical and spiritual experiences. A psychological approach provides methods and theories that strengthen research, whilst a robust theology provides interpretive and theoretical foundations. The spiritual and dispositional effects of music-making, particularly in music's role in developing spiritual practices such as increased prayer, are documented (Wald-Fuhrmann, 2020, 2024). However, these effects, generally conceived of as 'sanctification' (per Pargament et al, 2017), lack a coherent theological framework. By examining musical experiences in liturgical contexts, this paper proposes a new framework for understanding the theological concept of 'sanctification' in the psychological realm of moral formation.