This paper examines some lexical choices made by the Septuagint translators on the theme of slavery which have strong exegetical (and theological) implications. In particular, it explores the use of the term δοῦλος, which in non-biblical Greek means the "slave" without any rights over his own person, and which is used almost constantly in the Greek Bible to translate the Hebrew word ʻebed in contexts intended to describe the condition of human beings in their relationship with the God of Israel. This paper also presents some of the results of the lexical research carried out in preparation for the corresponding HTLS article.