Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) can impact patients' quality of life, with mood and sleep disturbances. In the latest recommendations published according to the PHPT surgical consensus, these neuropsychological symptoms continue to be excluded. This study aims to assess the negative effects of mood and sleep in PHPT patients compared to healthy controls and analyze their improvement after surgery.

Prospective case-control study of patients with PHPT. Beck and Pittsburgh questionnaires. Control group (CG): healthy people, matched by age and sex. Analyzes of preoperative results compared with results at three and twelve months after surgery, and comparison with CG. Statistical analysis: Kolmogorov Smirnov and Student's t test for correlations.

49 patients who underwent parathyroidectomy were analyzed. In relation to depression, differences were observed between the results of the preoperative period and three months after surgery, with a significant decrease in depression score (16.80±9.98 vs. 13.08±10.76; p=0.001). This improvement was maintained after one year (p<0.001). Regarding quality of sleep, there were no differences in three months after the intervention, but there were differences at twelve months (9.48±4.76 vs. 8.27±4.38; p=0.032). The dimensions of the Pittsburgh questionnaire were analyzed, observing significant differences only in daytime dysfunction after three months and twelve months after surgery (1.02±0.99 vs. 0.69±0.82; p=0.01 and 1.04±0.98 vs. 0.60±0.76; p=0.004).

Mood and sleep quality improve after PHPT surgery, although at different postoperative times, with this improvement being more pronounced in mood. This assessment should be taken into account in the preoperative consultation of patients with PHPT.