Inequalities are both distributive and relational, rooted in social bonds, institutional trust, and participation. This paper discusses the World Fraternity Report, part of the Economy of Francesco, which aims to analyze these relational aspects empirically. The Report measures fraternity through international data on trust, cooperation, reciprocity, social inclusion, and institutional quality, providing a perspective that complements income and growth metrics. By focusing on fraternity as a visible social condition, it challenges economic frameworks that see inequality solely through individual outcomes and emphasizes its structural and relational roots. Lower fraternity levels are linked to social fragmentation, exclusion, and ongoing inequalities, illustrating how weakened social ties and institutions lead to unequal opportunities. Within the panel's focus on religion and inequality, the paper argues that fraternity—deeply rooted in religious traditions—can serve as a bridge between normative principles and empirical investigation. It concludes by examining the usefulness and limitations of fraternity-based indicators for academic and public discourse, proposing that they deepen our understanding of the diverse inequalities present in modern societies.