Panel: DIGITAL RELIGION IN AN (IN)EQUAL WORLD: OPPORTUNITIES, CHALLENGES, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS



845.2 - VIRTUAL AVATARS AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF IDENTITY AND RELIGIOUS PRACTICE IN IMMERSIVE MEDIA ENVIRONMENTS

AUTHORS:
Dos Santos V. (Blanquerna Observatory on Media, Religion and Culture ~ Barcelona ~ Spain)
Text:
With the growing popularity of digital games and social virtual reality platforms —such as VRChat, Roblox, and Minecraft— religious actors and institutions are not only developing new strategies for community creation, information sharing, and evangelization, but are also experiencing and experimenting with their own traditions in entirely immersive environments. Given the fundamentally ludic architecture of these media (Aupers, 2012), religious users are required to creatively adapt their beliefs and rituals to the logic of these platforms, while simultaneously reinterpreting these spaces as sites of religious meaning and experience. Among the most significant elements in these environments are avatars, which function not merely as graphic representations of users but as extensions of embodied presence (Faccennini, 2021; Ekdahl D. and Osler L., 2023). In the context of religious performances, avatar customization becomes entangled with material religious references (Morgan, 2005), generating processes of negotiation in which traditional doctrines, aesthetics, and bodily norms may be reinforced, transformed, or contested. Far from being neutral or mere tools, avatars are essential mediators of how religion is portrayed, shared, and lived in online contexts (Radde-Antweiler K., 2022). Drawing on a review of the state of the art and the observation of contemporary virtual religious communities, this presentation examines avatars as expressions of digital embodiment, their potential for the construction of religious identity, and how avatar-driven practices can enable or stimulate religious freedom and the expression of belief, or alternatively reproduce existing religious hierarchies, prejudices, or even extremist worldviews. By positioning avatars as material-semiotic actors within the field of digital religion, the paper contributes to broader debates on how digital embodiment and immersive virtual platforms are impacting contemporary religious contexts.