This paper examines how artificial intelligence challenges and reframes the traditional Western conception of the human being. Beginning with the anthropological foundations articulated by Plato and Aristotle, it reconstructs the central elements of this tradition: human rationality, embodiment, affectivity, sociality, and the intrinsic orientation toward truth, goodness, and beauty. On this basis, the paper discusses three interpretive frameworks for understanding AI in relation to these categories. First, AI can be conceived as an optimized or perfected form of humanity, a transhumanist continuation of the Enlightenment ideal of rational self-improvement. Second, posthumanist perspectives interpret AI as a fundamentally different form of existence that could ultimately supersede the human. Third, and most convincingly from a classical perspective, AI is understood as a tool—powerful yet lacking intrinsic telos, normative orientation, embodied experience, or the capacity for eudaimonia. The paper concludes that AI's limitations help to clarify what remains uniquely and irreducibly human.