Panel: SHINCHEONJI, A KOREAN NEW RELIGION IN GLOBAL CONTEXT; EXPANSION, CONTROVERSY, AND PUBLIC PERCEPTION



791.3 - SHINCHEONJI IN LATIN AMERICA: BIBLE COURSES, GRADIENTS OF COMMITMENT, AND ANTI-CULT RHETORIC

AUTHORS:
Vardé M. (University of Buenos Aires ~ Buenos Aires ~ Argentina)
Text:
This paper analyzes the recent expansion of Shincheonji in Latin America, with a focus on Argentina, where the group's emergence intersects with strong anti-cult rhetoric and the growing judicialization of disputes involving new religious movements. Based on ongoing ethnographic research—including observation of public activities, semi-structured interviews with members and attendees, and analysis of teaching materials—combined with a comparative survey of regional developments and online debates, the study examines how Shincheonji is locally framed and experienced. Empirically, the paper centers on Shincheonji's Bible study courses, which operate as flexible spaces of religious socialization that allow for graded involvement, pauses, and returns. I conceptualize them as a "contact zone" where participation, belonging, and conversion are negotiated in situated ways, revealing the micropolitics of commitment. This perspective helps illuminate how anti-cult narratives reinterpret ordinary dynamics of learning and sociability as evidence of manipulation or covert recruitment. In parallel, the paper traces the transnational circulation of accusations and stigmas. Anti-cult actors in Argentina and neighboring countries reactivate motifs previously deployed against Shincheonji in South Korea, Australia, and elsewhere, adapting them to local concerns. From a legal anthropological standpoint, I argue that the label "cult" functions as a classificatory technology with anticipatory effects: it organizes suspicion, channels demands for oversight, and shapes interpretive frameworks for state intervention, the construction of "victims," and the mobilization of expert testimony. The paper thus offers a situated account of a young and expanding community while mapping the climate of suspicion that conditions its public presence, effectively reshaping the practical boundaries of religious freedom in contemporary Latin America.