This paper analyzes reactionary Catholicism as a transnational project aimed at resisting political, social, and religious equality in twentieth century Europe. It argues that Francoist Spain should be understood not only as a national confessional regime, but as a key reference point within broader Catholic networks that sought to defend hierarchical social orders against liberal democracy, secularization, and emerging human rights discourses. Drawing on a comparative and transnational approach, the paper is structured in two parts. First, it examines the doctrinal and political roots of reactionary Catholicism during the interwar period, focusing on the circulation of integralist, corporatist, and authoritarian Catholic ideas across Southern Europe. These currents shared a common rejection of egalitarianism and pluralism, promoting an organic and hierarchical conception of society grounded in Catholic doctrine. Second, the paper explores the postwar reconfiguration of these networks in the Cold War. In this period, Francoist Spain emerged as a symbolic and practical model of the "Catholic nation," celebrated by conservative Catholic actors as proof of the viability of a confessional state capable of preserving social hierarchy, moral order, and religious unity. Through transnational exchanges involving intellectuals, clerics, journals, and international Catholic organizations, the Franco regime was presented as a bulwark against secularization, communism, and the spread of egalitarian norms. By foregrounding the relationship between religion, power structures, and inequality, this paper contributes to current historiographical debates. It demonstrates that reactionary Catholicism was not confined to national contexts but functioned as a transnational ideological project in which Francoist Spain played a central role in legitimizing and disseminating hierarchical models of social and political order.