In contrast with Reformed theology, Roman Catholic theology has the tendency to downplay the effects of the fall. The idea that original sin constitutes only the loss of the extra, supernatural gifts of original justice, which became dominant only during the Council of Trent, has been attributed to Thomas Aquinas, but has in fact its roots in the theology of Duns Scotus. This paper traces the Augustinian and Aristotelian influences throughout the Middle Ages up to the Council of Trent. While Catholic anthropology is more Scotistic, Reformed anthropology is more aligned with Thomas.