Panel: THE UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL MUSEUM'S VATICAN ARCHIVES INITIATIVE



657.4 - HOW SILENCE WORKS: RELIGIOUS AUTHORITY, MORAL LANGUAGE, AND EPISCOPAL RESPONSES TO THE HOLOCAUST (1941-1943)

AUTHORS:
Stolarczyk-Bilardie M. (KU Leuven ~ Leuven ~ Belgium)
Text:
This paper examines silence not as the absence of religious response to the Holocaust, but as a problem of interpretation within religious authority during a period of moral rupture. Drawing on Vatican archival sources from the years 1941-1943, it focuses on communication between Polish Catholic bishops and the Holy See, including reports transmitted from occupied Poland through ecclesiastical and lay intermediaries. Rather than asking what the Church "knew" or evaluating its actions retrospectively, the paper asks how religious actors sought to make sense of extreme violence and how this process shaped the ways in which it could be communicated within existing theological and institutional constraints. Through close reading and discourse analysis of internal correspondence, episcopal reports, and curial memoranda, it explores how information about the persecution of Jews was sometimes made explicit, sometimes reformulated, and at other times remained absent, as moral language was shaped by questions of authority and the responsibilities attached to it. By approaching silence as an analytical problem rather than a moral verdict, the paper contributes to debates in religious studies on authority and ethical language under conditions of extreme violence. It proposes to treat wartime Catholic communication as a site where moral meaning was negotiated rather than simply expressed or withheld.