This paper investigates how Islam was used by enslaved African Muslims of Bahia (Brazil) to resist their life of enslavement. The investigation is based on an analysis of one Arabic manuscript written by the enslaved African Muslims of Bahia. The Arabic documents of Bahia kept at the State Public Archive are forty-three manuscripts found in the Bahia region (North-East of Brazil) following the 1835 slaves' uprising in Brazil. The documents were seized as belongings of the arrested insurgents. They were used as trial exhibits. Few scholars (orientalists) analysed the Arabic manuscripts. They concluded that they were teeming with spelling mistakes, barbarisms and solecisms which show that the enslaved African Muslims of Bahia were poorly educated and almost illiterate. They believed that Document 1 (the first manuscript) was a copy of the last surah of the Qur'an made by a koranic student. This paper undertakes a thorough analysis of the text of the first manuscript and demonstrates that the document was written by highly educated (in Islamic sciences) enslaved African Muslims. It is an original fabricated spiritual text based on the last surah of the Qur'an. It was written under political circumstances. It was used for political and spiritual purposes. It contains codified messages related to the 1835 Bahia slave rebellion. The document sustained their lives as enslaved people in the Bahian society and their rebellion in order to overpower their masters.