This paper investigates the use of terms and expressions related to the semantic fields of testimony and martyrdom in selected case studies from the earliest surviving Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible. For each selected passage, it examines the translational choices made in the principal modern-language translations of the Septuagint, aiming to shed light on their diverse interpretative approaches and intentions, as well as the uses, reuses, and semantic developments of this lexicon in different languages, which has endured across the centuries and continues to engage and challenge readers today.