The rise of increasingly sophisticated simulations of human reasoning, creativity, and language presents many challenges to both individuals and institutions. For religious and spiritual traditions navigating the tension between adoption and rejection, AI revitalizes long-standing debates regarding the relationship between science and faith, and between the natural and the supernatural. Simultaneously, it fuels techno-criticism against the industrialization and rationalization of culture. Within the Catholic tradition specifically, AI is often met with skepticism, as computational processes are seen to lack human qualities such as consciousness, emotion, and understanding, a stance exemplified by the Vatican document Antiqua et Nova.
While many current Christian responses to AI development focus on the ethical, environmental, and social risks of large-scale AI adoption, this paper investigates whether a Thomist framework can offer an alternative evaluation that avoids a binary antagonism between humanism and automation. In a discussion with Edward Feser's critique of AI in Immortal Souls (2024), the paper argues for understanding AI through the lens of art (ars) rather than mere mechanics. In Christian theology, the correspondence between divine creation and human creativity suggests that artifacts may possess a derivative dignity beyond simple utility. If humanity bears the imago Dei, then a simulation of the human mind is similarly imprinted with an imago hominis. As biotechnology further blurs the boundary between the organic and the mechanical, a theology of creation and art may better balance human dignity with the dignity of the artificial than a humanism based on the privilege of interiority. This paper suggests that Thomism provides intellectual resources helpful for developing such a perspective.