Theologies that interpret intersex as a consequence of the Fall regard it as a pathological form of human embodiment. Consequently, the Roman Catholic Magisterium refers intersex individuals to the medical sphere with the aim of "restoring" the body to its presumed latent male or female form. Yet, the hermeneutical validity of this assessment has not been adequately examined.
As a point of departure, this paper contends that claims depicting intersex as pathological are hermeneutically problematic, as they rely exclusively on protology, adopt a literalist reading of biblical sources, and disregard the lived experiences of intersex persons. To address this, the paper investigates intersex and pathology through a broader hermeneutical framework that incorporates testimonies of intersex Christians, the reality of the new creation inaugurated by Christ, and the transformative workings of divine grace.
The paper finds that many intersex Christians regularly experience their bodies as both gift and task from God, and that these experiences warrant serious consideration within theology in light of Gaudium et Spes. At the same time, some intersex persons perceive their bodies as pathological, and these experiences must also be acknowledged. Furthermore, drawing on the works of Elizabeth Johnson and Karl Rahner, the paper argues that creation possesses a constant potential for newness and transformation owing to Christ's assumption of earthly matter and the dynamic presence of God's grace.
Accordingly, a strictly protological argument for determining the goodness of matter appears unwarranted. Instead, the paper concludes by offering an initial proposal for a more adequate hermeneutics of goodness and pathology in relation to intersex bodies. It suggests that the goodness of the intersex body should be discerned on a case-by-case basis, enabling each person, in dialogue with God, to determine how best to live out the task embodied in their own corporeality.