After the political turn in 1990 there was a huge expectation both on scientific and social level. After the collapse of Communism scholars of religion have started to redefine, what religion is and relocate their position free from ideological and theological concerns. However, we can also observe a reaction to this change on the part of lawmakers and politicians. At the political level, two laws were enacted that are significant from the perspective of religious studies and theology: the article 1990/IV. and 2011/CCVI. This paper identifies and analyses these legal provisions and places them into a wider Eastern-European context. What is interesting about this situation is that the first law—which is generally considered to be more liberal in spirit—was passed by the last communist parliament, while the second, which is viewed as more restrictive and has undergone many changes, was introduced by a freely elected right-wing government.