This paper examines the emergence of noreligion in contemporary Morocco as a lens through which to analyze the production and maintenance of social inequalities structured by religion. While Islam is constitutionally and culturally embedded as a dominant normative framework, this study argues that the Moroccan religious landscape is increasingly marked by subtle yet significant transformations in belief, doubt, and disengagement. These transformations, however, do not occur on equal terms. Drawing on a multi-method research design, the paper conceptualizes noreligion not as a fixed identity category, but as a spectrum of positions ranging from private doubt to explicit rejection. It demonstrates that individuals who deviate from dominant religious norms face asymmetrical forms of social risk, including stigma, exclusion, legal precarity, and gendered vulnerabilities. In this sense, religious conformity functions as a form of social capital, while noreligion produces new axes of inequality that remain largely invisible in public discourse.
At the same time, the paper situates these developments within broader processes of state formation, educational transformation, and digital mediation. It argues that the Moroccan state's regulation of religious authority - combined with the expansion of literacy, global media, and diasporic networks - has unintentionally facilitated the conditions for both religious questioning and its concealment. This results in a paradoxical configuration in which the diversification of belief coexists with the reinforcement of normative religious expectations.
By foregrounding the lived experiences of individuals navigating belief and unbelief, this paper contributes to ongoing debates on religion and (in)equality by highlighting how inequalities are not only reproduced through religious institutions, but also through the social regulation of belief itself.