In the context of Russia's escalating confrontation with the West following 24 February 2022, the strategic reactivation of Russian philosophical traditions cannot be adequately explained through political analysis alone. Russia's opposition to the West has deep intellectual roots, reflecting a longstanding contestation over civilizational orientation. Yet beyond these debates lies a speculative motif that has historically shaped Russian conceptions of sovereignty and collective destiny: the notion of immortality. While recently visible in global transhumanist narratives, this aspiration predates contemporary biotechnological debates and can be traced back to the Orthodox eschatological orientation of Russian Cosmism, a nineteenth-century philosophical tradition increasingly mobilized in contemporary state-funded initiatives to articulate a counter-narrative to Western frameworks. Grounded in cultural semiotics, this study argues that the contemporary resurgence of Russian Cosmism functions simultaneously as a simulacrum of unrealized futures and as an active agent in their formation. The analysis of selected texts, ranging from Fyodorov's writings to projects such as the 2045 Initiative, aims to trace coherent pathways within the complex semiotic space of cultural memory. These pathways operate as chains of homologies among values, mobilizing theological, philosophical, and technological motifs to construct the "Common Task" both as an anticipated future and as a program of transformative action. Acting dynamically within collective memory, Russian Cosmism selectively reinterprets historical elements so that its religious origins—reinforced by the contemporary political role of the Orthodox Church—function as semiotic boundaries vis-à-vis the West, stabilizing its trajectory while enabling adaptive reconfiguration