This paper explores how the story of Cain and Abel was reinterpreted in early Jewish literature beyond the biblical account of Genesis 4. In Second Temple and early Rabbinic traditions, Cain increasingly emerges as an archetypal figure of violence and moral transgression. By examining texts such as Jubilees, 1 Enoch, and rabbinic interpretations, the paper shows how the first fratricide became a key paradigm for reflecting on human violence and conflict.