Panel: SYNODALITY AND INEQUALITIES



911.3 - LISTENING AND AUTHORITY: EPISTEMIC INEQUALITY IN THE PRACTICE OF CATHOLIC SYNODALITY. AN AUTOETHNOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLIES OF THE SYNOD OF BISHOPS (2023-2024)

AUTHORS:
Oseka J. (KU Leuven ~ Leuven ~ Belgium)
Text:
The global Synod on Synodality (2021-2024) has been widely described as one of the most extensive consultative processes in the history of the Catholic Church. Its culmination in the General Assemblies of the Synod of Bishops in 2023 and 2024, which included non-bishop members with voting rights, marked an unprecedented development in the practice of ecclesial consultation. While this development has been widely celebrated as a concrete expression of synodality, questions remain regarding the extent to which the process meaningfully incorporated the diversity of voices within the entire People of God. Using an autoethnographic method, the paper analyzes the consultative practices and relational dynamics of the 2023 and 2024 synodal assemblies, focusing on interactions between clergy and laity, bishops and non-bishop members, as well as between voting members, theological experts, and a diverse, yet silenced group of support teams present during the meetings. It also examines the composition of several bodies convened before and during the synod, including the preparatory commission, the Final Document drafting team, the General Council of the Synod, and the twelve study groups established during the process. The paper argues that these structural and relational dynamics reveal persistent epistemic inequalities that shape whose voices are heard and recognized as credible contributors to ecclesial discernment, highlighting a central challenge for the future development of Catholic synodality. Drawing on theories of epistemic injustice and post-colonial studies, it argues that synodal processes can reproduce implicit hierarchies of knowledge and authority even while seeking to broaden participation. Within the General Assemblies, credibility and interpretive authority often remained shaped by clerical status, pastoral experience, generational and gender dynamics, as well as theological expertise - reframing the understanding of sensus fidei.