At the beginning of the 18th century, Kant made a clear distinction between vocational faculties (theology, medicine and law) and the "free" faculty, which is committed solely to reason (philosophy, humanities). This separation has changed in the 21st century: theologies at state universities are increasingly working "freely" with secular, academic methods: sociologically, philologically, historically. They detach themselves from the denominational expectations that God is the actor behind events and commandments. In doing so, they follow secularization in modern societies. The School of Jewish Theology at the University of Potsdam was founded to combine "free" research on Judaism and denominational formation for Jewish congregations. This balancing act is attacked from two sides: On the one hand, some claim that Judaism has no theology because "theology" is a Christian term. This argument is wrong both historically and scientifically, which is to be shown. On the other hand, it is claimed that theology should not be at a state university, but at non-university religious institutions (yeshiva, madrasah or seminary). The lecture will show the function of a religious institute at a non-religious university.