This paper investigates the scope and limits of recent legislative initiatives aimed at regulating religious freedom in Europe within a broader context increasingly shaped by security concerns, geopolitical tensions, and identity-based politics. In a global environment marked by growing polarization and the resurgence of identity narratives, religion is often framed not only as a dimension of social pluralism but also as a potential factor of instability or radicalization. These perceptions have influenced legal frameworks governing religious organizations and have encouraged the adoption of regulatory mechanisms justified by objectives such as public security, social cohesion, and the prevention of extremism. Against this background, the paper analyses the expansion of registration and recognition regimes for religious communities across several European states. While such mechanisms may serve legitimate administrative purposes, they may also function as instruments of control that disproportionately affect minority or loosely structured religious groups. Through selected examples—including recent legislation in various European countries and emergency-related measures adopted in Ukraine—the analysis highlights how requirements concerning organizational structure, financial transparency, foreign funding, and state supervision can significantly affect the collective exercise of religion. By examining these developments in light of the evolving jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights under Articles 9, 11, and 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights, the paper explores whether such regulatory trends risk weakening the pluralistic foundations necessary for peaceful democratic societies.