Works in systematic theology usually contain a discussion of the theological understanding of Holy Scripture and present a methodological framework for how to use Scripture - often in combination with other sources and authorities - in developing systematic theological positions on different issues (so-called Prolegomena). However, it is not always easy to discern a clear line of reasoning from the discussion of principles to their application in concrete interpretations and emphases when using Scripture in the development of systematic theology. In this paper I will analyse and compare the concrete use of Scripture in the works of Wolfhart Pannenberg (German, 1928-2014) [Systematic Theology, 3 vols.] and Wayne Grudem (American, 1948-) [Systematic Theology, 2nd ed] as cases of the interaction between Scripture and theology. Pannenberg and Grudem are well-renowned best-selling theologians with comparable but different approaches to theology. They share an understanding of theology as a pursuit of truth where Scripture plays an important role but differ in their view of central questions concerning the historical origin, content and authority of Scripture, as well as its role in systematic theology. I want to investigate whether and how different views of basic questions result in different uses of Scripture in concrete cases. Central questions to be pursued are: What similarities and differences exist in the concrete use of Scripture in their systematic theologies? How do they interact with works from biblical studies? Do they show an awareness or reflection about which biblical texts they use and do not use to support different theological claims? What roles do confessional aspects play in the two scholars' respective use of Scripture?
The paper is intended for Section I of the Scripture & Theology forum at EuARe2026 Rome. The paper relates to subquestions 2.-4. of the CFP in different ways.