In terms of the relationship between identity, religion and fundamental rights, Albania offers a particularly interesting case study, as it combines a diverse religious landscape with a strong tradition of interfaith tolerance and peaceful coexistence. Despite periods of religious repression throughout its history, Albania has developed a legal and social framework that protects religious freedom while promoting harmony between different faith communities. After the collapse of the communist regime in the early 1990s, Albania embarked on a process of democratic transition that restored religious freedom and pluralism. The restoration of religious communities and institutions marked an important step towards rebuilding civil society and reaffirming fundamental rights. National identity has historically been emphasised over religious affiliation, contributing to a culture of tolerance and coexistence. The presence of multiple religious communities, including Sunni Muslims, Bektashi Muslims, Catholics and Orthodox Christians, has contributed to the development of a pluralistic society. Their cooperation in public life, cultural initiatives and social activities reflects a broader commitment to peaceful coexistence. The Albanian model of interfaith relations is often cited as an example of peaceful coexistence. Religious leaders frequently engage in dialogue and joint initiatives to promote tolerance and social cohesion. This collaborative approach supports the protection of fundamental rights by strengthening respect for diversity and human dignity. However, some challenges remain. As Albania continues on its path towards deeper integration with European institutions, it remains essential to maintain strong legal protections for religious freedom and minority rights. Ensuring equal treatment, combating discrimination and strengthening democratic institutions are key to preserving the country's tradition of religious harmony.