This paper examines the evolving role of Christian theology in South Africa by bridging historical analysis with contemporary socio-political relevance. It begins by analysing what may be described as the "Civil War" of Reformed Hermeneutics, an internal conflict within the Reformed tradition over Scripture, human dignity, and social hierarchy. Central to this struggle was J.D. du Toit (Totius), whose Hyper-Calvinist exegesis, grounded in the "Ordinances of Creation" and a distorted application of Kuyperian "Sphere Sovereignty", provided the theological rationale that legitimated the apartheid project. Through these interpretive mechanisms, racial segregation was elevated from political ideology to divine mandate. In contrast, the paper highlights the emergence of an internal counter-tradition culminating in the Belhar Confession (1982) and the Kairos Document (1985). These texts articulated a decisive 'status confessionis', asserting that apartheid represented not merely a moral error but a theological heresy that compromised the integrity of Christian faith. Figures such as Frank Chikane translated this critique into ecumenical activism, demonstrating how Pentecostal spirituality aligned with liberation ethics. The paper then turns to the contemporary landscape, marked by the rise of Pentecostalism as South Africa's dominant Christian expression and by South Africa's enduring crises of inequality, landlessness, and political corruption. Drawing on recent Lukan scholarship, the study argues that Luke-Acts offers a socio-economic paradigm that can inform a Pentecostal theology of reconstruction, rooted in Jubilee, communal sharing, and economic justice. By integrating historical critique with constructive theological reflection, the paper proposes a renewed ethical framework through which religion may contribute to addressing South Africa's unresolved structural injustices and strengthening its democratic future.