Panel: HÖLDERLIN AND THE QUESTION OF GOD: POETRY, PHILOSOPHY AND THEOLOGY IN DIALOGUE



961.3 - «DENN ES WALTET EIN GOTT IN UNS»: RHETORIC AND MEANING OF A MOTIF IN HÖLDERLIN'S "DER ABSCHIED"

AUTHORS:
Carvalho Pereira H. (Brown University ~ Providence, RI ~ United States of America)
Text:
Friedrich Hölderlin's ode "Der Abschied" is far from being one of the most explored of his poems in his critical reception, but it is entangled with the philosophical and theological problematics for which Hölderlin is best known. It tells of two lovers that were forced to separate, and works to recollect the original grounds of their union in a fictional and idealized scene of "Wiederfinden," as its commentators since Wolfgang Binder have been terming the conclusion of the ode. One of the reasons why they had to separate, uttered already in the third to fourth lines of the second and last version of "Der Abschied," is that "wir kennen uns wenig, / Denn es waltet ein Gott in uns." What is this "Gott in uns," and why is it the reason why two lovers know each other little and must separate? To address these two questions, I have recourse first of all to the ode itself in how it treats this motif, to the not very vast critical bibliography on the ode (chiefly Wolfgang Binder and Gabriele von Bassermann), and to some readers of Hölderlin that have had something to say about the "Gott in uns" motif, such as Norbert von Hellingrath, Romano Guardini, Paul de Man, and Gabriel Tropp. I argue that there is a common denominator in the interpretation of the motif, namely, that this internal God is an attempt to name and grasp that which cannot be grasped, which is played out in the very rhetoric of the poem. My paper proceeds by summarizing the poem and signaling the motif in which we are interested, then briefly discussing the critical commentary, and finally disclosing my thesis in what I believe to be the most important device of the poem, a parallelism that is to metaphorically resolve the riddle of the internal God, but ends up only deterring a solution to this riddle. This, hopefully, opens up the poem and the question of God as it appears in it to a broader dialogue with other attempts to define and understand divinity.