The Indian storytelling Katha tradition functions not merely as a medium of oral storytelling but as a dynamic practice through which indigenous communities assert identity, preserve narratives, and transmit collective memory. These traditions are embedded in local languages, rituals, and ecological landscapes, offering a performative epistemology distinct from textual or organized knowledge systems. This paper explores how Katha functions as both a cultural archive and a tool of assertion of indigenous identities. Focusing on selected case studies of Pandvani, Harikatha and North Indian Rama kathas, this study examines how communities adapt the Katha narratives to reflect region-specific experiences, spiritual beliefs, and sociopolitical realities. In Pandavani, for example, tribal values of justice and strength are foregrounded through Bhima's characterization. In Northeastern Ram Kathas, forest deities, ancestral spirits, and oral genealogies reflect a unique cosmological worldview that resists normalized versions of the Ramayana. Contemporary adaptations of these oral narratives are not seen as reductions, but as reaffirmations of indigenous presence in a swiftly modernizing world. These forms retain core performative elements while facilitating expression of marginalized subaltern voices, particularly those of women, Dalit, and Adivasi Drawing upon in-depth textual analysis and secondary sources, the study argues that the evolving Katha tradition demonstrates how indigenous communities continually negotiate identity through storytelling. In doing so, Katha becomes a site of resilience, commemoration, and repossession—where myth, memory, and performance converge to sustain cultural continuity in the face of an ever-evolving global world. Thereby the rigid binaries of tradition and modernity, rural and urban, oral and digital are challenged by the storytelling traditions of these indigenous tribe in question here.